Friday, November 29, 2019

Pillow Angel Ashley free essay sample

Their roles in this controversy were as enablers. The parents felt that because Ashley had brain damage they needed to stop her growth and menstrual cycle. Even though the procedures were controversial the parents were still seeking for a way to make it happen. The so-called â€Å"treatments† that were performed were breast bud removal to discontinue the growth of her breast, a hysterectomy to get rid of her menstrual cycle, and estrogen therapy to weaken her growth. (Peace, 2007, 5) The supporters for the disabled believe that the physicians will never comprehend the true value of their deeds. Dr. Douglas Diekema, who was the chairman of the ethics board of Seattle Children’s Hospital, stated that even he could not believe what the parents were asking he had to take in to consideration as to why they wanted the procedures done. (Gibbs, 2007,4) The treatment was not even tested yet and Ashley was not in any danger if she did not get the treatment. We will write a custom essay sample on Pillow Angel Ashley or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page So was the treatment really beneficial to Ashley or more for her parents? For the sake of convenience, Ashley’s parents were willing to make an unethical request of doctors. They wanted the treatments for the sake of making it being easier for them to move her and the ability to continue to lift Ashley up for baths and being able to dress her. (Gibbs, 2007,5) Ashley was only 6 years old when her parents decided to have all the procedures done. At such a young age her parents took away her identity. (Gibbs, 2007,8) Could they not find a better way to handle this? There could be a chance of Ashley being able to move an electronic wheelchair with her head had they waited to see if she was capable of that. As much as the doctors wanted to help how far would they go to just to benefit the parents with the care of Ashley? â€Å"Turning people into permanent children denies them dignity and whatever subtle therapeutic benefit comes from being seen as adult. † (Gibbs, 2007, ) This is made even more unethical because her parent’s claimed to be college educated professionals and so their decision goes to prove that it was for convenience. The parent’s preference trumps Ashley’s fundamental human rights. Ashley’s parents were stunned at some of the comments that were posted on their chat boards. Some of the remarks were stating that they found the Pillow angel Ashley offensive and stated that it was â€Å"truly a milestone in our convenience society† and some just could not grasp the thought of why the parents chose this route. (Pilikington, 2007, 7) Would this treatment be tolerated if parents would want this for a healthy child? Mary Johnson who is an editor for Ragged Edge an online magazine for disabled activist said, â€Å"People have been horrified by the discrepancy. (Pilikington, 2007,  ¶8) Mary Johnson was frightened at the fact that if another child with a different disease would get the same procedure but not have the same effects as Ashley. The co-writer of Archives of Pediatrics amp; Adolescent Medicine, criticizing treatment for Ashley was an experiment without any research, stated that it was a â€Å"technological solution to a social program. † (Pilikington, 2007, 10) The confidentiality laws in medicine are important especially for cases such as these because of the backlash and controversy it can stir.

Monday, November 25, 2019

Rhetorical Speech Analysis- Robert F. Kennedy

Rhetorical Speech Analysis- Robert F. Kennedy Free Online Research Papers The famous Indianapolis speech, given by Robert F. Kennedy, breaking the news of the assassination of Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King (informing a mostly black audience) is a perfect example of the humble, humanistic speech style of former Presidential candidate. Although short, Kennedy’s words in this speech are profound and lasting, a simple approach which was mastered by this great social thinker. Through rhetorical analysis of this somber speech it is clear that Kennedy was a clever, emotional connected public speaker who used his time at the podium to not only commemorate a life, but also build support for his campaign. The speech was given the evening of April 4, 1968 during Kennedy’s campaign tour. Kennedy had just arrived in Indianapolis, Indiana when he heard the tragic news of Kings Assassination. Immediately after his plane landed Kennedy was expected to appear publicly to promote his campaign. While the police highly urged Kennedy to skip this stop on his tour because the area was considered to be a dangerous ghetto, Kennedy insisted he reach out to its inhabitants. The sudden, unexpected, and devastating news was the catalyst for an immediate change of agenda as Kennedy would have the difficult task of speaking to a mostly black, very up-beat audience, none of whom were aware of the recent assassination of King. This set the scene for what would be a memorable, reflective, and impromptu memorial speech that has been preserved as a Kennedy trademark. Because of the spur-of-the-moment nature of this speech, it is hard to categorize. Obviously Kennedy was working on a campaign but the speech, both in content and format, is presented as a special occasion style speech. Kennedy begins by breaking the news of Kings death to his audience (who reaction is horrifying) then quickly brings the attention back to himself by using humanistic, thoughtful language which sets up the rest of his unplanned speech as a tribute of sorts. It was clear that Kennedy was particularly aware of his mostly black audience as he makes every effort to relate to them through sympathy and equality. He never speaks down to them about King but rather speaks as if he were one of them. Throughout the speech Kennedy stayed calm and collected yet never seemed desensitized (as is so often the case with more modern speakers). You could see through the delivery of his speech and the tone of his voice and language that this was a very serious occasion not to be discussed in a sterile manner but rather through respectful commemoration. He constantly reminds the audience of the goals for King and cleverly connects those goals to his own, further gaining audience respect as a leader and equal individual. An example of this is presented toward the beginning of the speech when Kennedy states â€Å"Martin Luther King dedicated his life to love and to justice between fellow human beings. He died in the cause of that effort. In this difficult day, in this difficult time for the United States, its perhaps well to ask what kind of a nation we are and what direction we want to move in.† This is beautifully poet and political as it seamlessly and honestly pays tribute to King and his work, while at the same time build momentum for Kennedy’s own work as a Presidential candidate. While this speech is very eloquent and appears to be crafted, it is important to recognize the atypical circumstances that shape the delivery of the speech. Since it was a unarranged speech the language, while poet and constant, is ultimately informal in terms of a political rally. Kennedy has a very solemn tone of voice that isn’t recognizable as a political quality. This is not at all in appropriate, but rather due to the circumstance very effective as it automatically allows the audience to share these words rather than just receive them. Furthermore Kennedy centers the body of the speech around social injustice, equality, and national division all topics relevant to the life of King, and his own work. It is clear that the audiences fear and devastation quickly turns into a powerful excited energy to continue King’s mission. This displays a certain level of brilliance on the part of Kennedy because it is surely assumed that he new a situation like this could turn to riot and destruction, yet through his smart and personal language he reversed a possible disaster before it could even begin. This genius is displayed when he states â€Å"For those of you who are black and are tempted to be filled with hatred and mistrust of the injustice of such an act, against all white people, I would only say that I can also feel in my own heart the same kind of feeling†¦But we have to make an effort in the United States, we have to make an effort to understand, to get beyond these rather difficult times. Finally Kennedy ends with a reflective quote from Aeschylus, and once again repeats for the third time â€Å"What we need in America† then going on to his quick agenda. This repetition is an affective tool in his speech, especially one as short as this. Again this allows him to stay connected to the theme of a tribute speech while also driving his point into the minds and more importantly the hearts of his audience. Kennedy not only rose to the occasion but rose above it. He was seamlessly able to honor the life of Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King by connecting King’s life’s dreams to his career and campaign goals. His words were simple and clear (specifically being adjusted to his lower economic class audience) but poetic and profound. Robert F. Kennedy was assassinated himself only two months after the night he gave this speech. His words echo through decades and his powerful skills as a social leader and kind nature as a human being as forever sealed within the unforgettable words of this speech. Research Papers on Rhetorical Speech Analysis- Robert F. KennedyHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoBringing Democracy to AfricaAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementHip-Hop is ArtCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsWhere Wild and West Meet19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided Era

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Entrepreneurship - Creative Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Entrepreneurship - Creative Journal - Essay Example In business, most managers believe that this is the most significant mark of a successful entrepreneur (Mazzarol, 2007). Achievement can also be enhanced by giving rewards, salary increment, bonuses and rises to most successful employees. Employers also play significant roles in developing employees’ skills and talents. They can collude with learning institutions to support and supervise research done by their employees, or through transversal skill development (Mazzarol, 2007). Human resource managers also need to provide clear hiring and exit procedures, but more notable is to retain current employees through a set of institutional benefits like competitive wage, support for international mobility, and supplementary pension schemes (Mazzarol, 2007). Locus of control describes the extent to which a person believes that the outcome results are influenced by their own behaviors, or from their external surrounding. Managers, therefore, need to create an environment that motivate s its employees to work hard towards achieving the organization’s goals (Mazzarol, 2007). Locus of control is usually low when change strategies are being implemented within the organization. In order to solve this problem, managers have to create an effective means of communication that informs the employees on the strategies and processes required for the implementation of that change. As the work environment changes, I realized that I can either contribute to the success or failure of a business. My attitude towards the impacts of external influences on the quality of work and the success of the business is the key factor that influences my contributions to the success of the business. Positive external influences enhance my efficiency and productivity within a short period, as compared to negative external influences that still require consultations and decision making process in order to be resolved. This process involves much time, and this slows down employees’ morale towards achieving the organizational goals and objectives (Mazzarol, 2007). Second Journal Entry Set Small and large firms play ever-increasing roles in innovation. Innovation is mainly driven by market dynamics and technology. Currently, recommendable advancements have been made in several areas that include multimedia, computers and electronic devices. Of all the innovations that have been done, internet is one of the innovations that have significantly influenced my daily life. The internet has changed the way I learn, shop, communicate and conduct my business. In the modern world, internet is the most famous and effective means of spreading information, fact or fiction (Mazzarol, 2007). In the past centuries, people were once limited to news of the local television channels and newspapers. However, anybody can currently search the globe, international markets, foreign products, different cultures, international jobs and so on. Through the internet, it is much easier and c heaper to communicate with friends and relatives more than telephones and letters. The internet has given me an opportunity to meet several friends both locally and internationally. It is possible to directly communicate to distance friends face-to-face, or through chatting. In other words, internet has limited both geographical and political boundaries that earlier

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

The Case Against Affirmative Action Research Paper

The Case Against Affirmative Action - Research Paper Example For instance, since the blacks were treated as slaves once, it is justified that they should be getting some privileges over and above the whites that perhaps had no connection with slavery. The idea is based upon â€Å"Two Wrongs Make a Right Thesis† (Pojman) Despite all, one might argue essentially on the basis of discrimination alone that affirmative action cannot do justice to the society at large an is ethically wrong. 1. Students who begin their career at a disadvantage will need some thrust or support to move forward. Coming from black families put them often at a disadvantage in terms of economic and social status. They often belong to crime-infected families and are place at a disadvantage compared to the whites. 2. Affirmative action will draw the people from minority groups to choose those profession or academic careers, which they would not have thought in other circumstances. For instance, women are entering into fields of technology. It is important to alter the stereotypes in order to prevent future discrimination. 5. Another argument, which is often put forward states, is based upon â€Å"No One Deserves His Talents†. Individuals do not have claims to any particular merit; hence they will not have access to the better ranks or positions in the society. 1. Discrimination of any sort is bad even if it is biased towards the majority groups. In fact this is a case of reverse discrimination. It is pointless to punish the innocent white people for the wrongdoings of their ancestors. 2. The diversity argument is favor of affirmative action has been discussed before. However, in certain cases where a white policeman might be able to arrest a black criminal better and vice versa might be regarded as a case of merit instead of affirmative action. 3. The ‘No One Deserves His Talents’ is based on the ground – ‘If a person does not deserve what produces something, he does not

Monday, November 18, 2019

Single parent families Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Single parent families - Essay Example Usually, pregnancy outside of wedlock means the mother of the child will be raising children alone. While social mores have changed concerning out of wedlock children and divorce, the fact that these negatively impact children cannot be denied. Growing up in a single parent household holds many disadvantages and few advantages. The greatest of these disadvantages is the amount of stress experienced by the children and parents in this family. The stresses experienced in a single parent family have a negative impact on the health, educational success and career opportunities for all members of the family. A recent study suggests that high level of stress for mothers may affect the quality of care they can provide for their children (Bronnemann, 2005). The biggest stress reported by single mothers in this study was the constant need for choosing between earning a living and providing quality childcare. Single mothers are the sole providers for the family. Their occupation often requires them to work when called upon. Single mothers must take care of the children in all ways. They report that often, they need to give up caring for a child so they can keep the job that supports the family. Mothers report that they sometimes need to delay doctor’s visits for themselves or their children when the work schedule must take precedence. This sometimes results in longer illnesses and more missed school and work. Another duty that single parents often feel they cannot fulfill is assisting their children with their education. Single parents often find that their children come home to an empty house or are sent to some sort o f after school care provided by friends or family. These situations are not ideal for getting homework done or being available to help with school assignments. Single parents report that they have a difficult time communicating with teachers when they have concerns because they are working through the school day. Students living in single parent fa milies are often expected to do their work without the guidance of a parent at home. Single mothers report that they often return from work to the many domestic duties such as cooking, cleaning and shopping that would normally be shared with a spouse. They recognize that education is important, but so is providing the necessities of life. When forced to choose, many single mothers find they must work on providing food instead of providing help with schoolwork. This inability to do both limits the educational progress of some children in single parent homes. The same is true for single parents. Educational opportunities are limited due to the inability to attend classes and provide adequate childcare. This creates a stressful situation for the parent. They often find that they are stuck in their current position because the necessary education to move up cannot be obtained. Single parent homes make obtaining education difficult for children and parents. A final result of the stresses single parent families experience is the career possibilities of the children. Children growing-up in single parent families are more likely to live in poverty and suffer from all of the disadvantage that poverty brings. This includes long-term problems such as unemployablility of the attainment of low-level employment that does not provide enough income to escape poverty. Children growing up in the stresses of a single parent home have fewer career opportunities

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Debate on Guns on School Campus

Debate on Guns on School Campus To carry or not to carry: aiming at safety on campus On March 10, 2017 when I was in my English class, my phone vibrated as messages from the school warned student to stay away from an evacuated area on the campus. The evacuation was then lifted after a suspicious item was found and determined to be safe. This was the first time I had encountered such security activities which raised my awareness of firearms on campus. In the wake of several campus shootings, the heated controversy surrounding the permit of guns on campus has circulated the nation for years. Even though people should have rights to protect themselves, it is not enough reason to allow guns within learning institutions, therefore, I believe guns should be banned on campus. First, presence of guns on campus will have negative impacts on the dynamics of learning environment. College campuses are the living and learning community of students and staff from different backgrounds, where freedom and openness in academic debate and intellectual exchange are encouraged. If guns are allowed in campus, the entire campus community will be in fear of their life, wondering if other fellow students or staff are carrying any guns and can pull them out if a dispute arises. Lecturers could fear that the students with poor grades may threaten them for better grades. An example is the notorious campus shooting at the University of Arizona in 2002: a failing nursing student shot three professors to death due to his anger and depression (Holguin). Campus will become emotionally threatening and crime-oriented environment. Dangerous weapons should never be carried around, even in concealed form, in such open learning environment. Another argument for why guns should be banned on campus is young adults brains does not fully mature despite their physically mature appearance. Darby Dickerson, former dean of Texas Tech University School of Law, is an expert in higher education law and policy and is an elected member of the American Law Institute. She states that researchers have discovered that human brain change significantly during adolescences, and are not fully developed until about 24, with regard to thinking ability and judgment. Also, high-risk alcohol and other drug use among student population have long-term negative effects on brain development, which leads to poor decision making. According to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2015), 58 percent of full-time college students ages 18 to 22 drank alcohol in the past month compared with 48.2 percent of other persons of the same age. Researchers also estimated that each year, 1825 college students between the ages of 18 and 24 die from alcohol-rel ated unintentional injuries; 696000 students between the ages of 18 and 24 are assaulted by another student who has been drinking (NIAAA). Therefore, granting college students access to guns will pose increased risks of incidents of self-injury, accidental shootings and even murders. Furthermore, multiple individuals with firearms will negatively affect law enforcement officers response during emergency situations. It will lead to confusion over identifying attackers among many people who are carrying guns which they claim to protect themselves. Also, without training, armed individuals may harm innocents in an attempt to halt a bloodshed. ÂÂ  Advocates for guns permit on campus claim that licensing of guns will increase their safety. They believe one should carry a gun in self-defense. Especially when newspapers splash headlines of campus shootings across the country, giving an impression that American college campuses are not safe, in response, there is an increasing urge for self-protection. Supporters for concealed carry on campus argue that armed students and staff will deter any aggressive acts toward the school, rather than becoming victims of violence. They claim that it will reduce crime. In contrast, the International Association of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators, Inc., (IACLEA), in its position statement, points out that: There is no credible statistical evidence demonstrating that laws allowing the carrying of concealed firearms reduce crime. In fact, the evidence suggests that permissive concealed carry laws generally will increase crime. Ian Ayres John J. Donohue III, Shooting Down the More Guns, Less Crime Hypothesis, 55 Stan. L. Rev. 1193, 1285, 1296 (Apr. 2003); and Ian Ayres John J. Donohue III, The Latest Misfires in Support of the More Guns, Less Crime Hypothesis, 55 Stan. L. Rev. 1371, 1397 (Apr. 2003). The organization also insists that use of a gun in self-defense appears to be a rare occurrence. As explained, there is not enough evidence to prove that campus carry would reduce crime rate or guns would be used in self-defense solely. Another argument gun right activists make to call for guns on campus is to protect women from sexual assaults. They argue perpetrators would less likely to attack women if they knew women around them might also be armed. Also, victims could have a chance to shoot attackers, assuming they would be able to use it effectively to protect themselves. However, reliable social science research indicates that based on the way victims typically react to these experiences, solving campus sexual assaults by arming women with firearms will not work. Studies show that 89 percent of campus sexual assaults involve drugs and/or alcohol (Krebs, Lindquist and Warner) and 90 percent of college sexual assaults are committed by someone the victim knows (Sampson 6). In such situations, victims would likely have a difficult time pulling out the gun to someone they associate with or when they are in frozen state due to drugs, alcohol or tonic immobility. Even after looking at all the evidence there are still people who believe that firearms should be allowed on campus. Their argument could be valid if we consider the broader legal rights to carry guns if one has gone through mental health screenings, had extensive trainings and passed all the tests before obtaining the license. It would be ideal if every gun license holder had gone through many difficult exams to determine if he/ she is qualified to use guns. However, it is easier than before to obtain a license in many states these days, raising the question if those license holders are well-trained and mentally stable or not. Allowing everyone to carry a gun cannot solve the crimes; indeed, it may have the potential to dramatically increase violence on college campuses. Campus security must be left to well-trained professionals. They have proficient techniques to defend campuses against violent attacks without harming innocent students. Instead of granting permission to carry guns on campus, preventive and preparative measurers should be taken and well developed to improve school safety. References Dickerson, Darby. White Paper-Guns on Campus. 17 February 2011. The National Behavioral Intervention Team Association (NaBITA) Web site. White Paper. 19 March 2017. . Holguin, Jaime. Eerie Letter From University Killer. 31 October 2002. Web. 19 March 2017. IACLEA. IACLEA Position Statement: Concealed Carrying of Firearms Proposals on College Campuses . 12 Agust 2008. 24 March 2017. . Krebs, C. P., et al. College womens experiences with physically forced, alcohol- or other drug-enabled, and drug-facilitated sexual assault before and since entering college. Journal of American College Health (2009): 639-649. Print. NIAAA. Alcohol Facts and Statistics. December 2015. 22 March 2017. . SAMHSA. 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). Table 6.84B-Tobacco Product and Alcohol Use in Past Month among Persons Aged 18 to 22, by College Enrollment Status: Percentages, 2014 and 2015. 2015. SAMHSA Website. 22 March 2017. . Sampson, Rana. Acquaintance rape of college students. Problem-Oriented Guides for Police. n.d.

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Investigation Into Counter-culture :: essays research papers

( synopsis), will it be the sixties the 20th century, U.S.A. protest movement that relied mainly on youth happened by society, the sport involved each field, such as society and politics, culture,etc., Influence it so far. Tentatively this resist movement movement against culture of referredding to as this text. This text pass give an oral account method of history, it combines documents and materials as much as a large amount of resist origin of sport probe into to this. Draw the conclusion and think , except that racial discrimination, the Vietnam War,etc. are outside the obvious reason, It lie in also turbulence reason U.S.A. from industrial society for on the sixties to behind make the transition at industrial society,it doesn't change that social structure face. Contradiction and result of the conflict in period that the resistance of young people make the transition. Cold war and social turbulence, have aggravated their resistance again. Collapse and send the writer's works an d thought, offer abundant thought resources for this movement. The keyword: U.S.A. culture /movement against culture /visit source Mention one word of" counterculture"( counter-culture), People recall rock music, take drug of U.S.A. the sixties naturally very, quality abnormal, have an abortion, not naked to go straight and crazy about odd habit and pursue fantastic playing leather culture, And hippy in New York Central Park, and countryside of New York Woodstock( Woodstock) revel Jinmen of San Francisco park around the clock, March 26, 1967, 10,000 young men and women assemble on the meadow in Central Park of New York, salute to the love. They fly a kite , throw frisbee , daub the color on the face each other. Will it be spring 1968 year, one abouth hippy wear unusual or exotic dress and assemble in Jinmen of San Francisco park several day and night in succession, with the rock, singing, poem, Weird behavior of even uncovering etc., express the resistance of the society. Will it be summer 1969, about 400,000 more than people assemble in Woodstock in the countryside of New York by same way. Loving, fre edom, peace that the slogan that they called out is". " the park and Woodstock of Central Park of New York, Jinmen, San Francisco become the symbol of the American movement against culture because of this. " politics correct" in afterwards( political correctness), plural culture( muti-culture) and to mainstream challenge of culture.

Monday, November 11, 2019

Marketing management assignment Essay

Executive Summary The culture to eating chocolate has certainly evolved over the years in Singapore. A beautiful box of nicely wrapped chocolate was no longer appealing to Singaporeans, especially those whom are born after the 1980s and later. People of this generation go for chocolates that not only taste good but also look good. Therefore Godiva Gems would have to evaluate the markets and use certain strategies to cater their best to certain groups of customers. The strategy introduce was Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning. Foremost, I would introduce the 4 different types of segmentation of the consumer’s market; in the situation of Godiva gems the demographic segmentation seems to be the best choice to segment the market. By segmenting the consumer’s market into chocolate lovers and non-chocolate lovers, which would be further, break down the segment of chocolate lovers into smaller segments through differentiation. Therefore Godiva Chocolate Company will only concentrate on 2 segments as my target. They are the teenagers especially the students and children from the age group of 4 to 7. I would also include the reasons as to why these segments are more penetrable in my point of view. To add on, Positioning is about finding the best way to convince a consumer that their want could be a need. Next I would move on to marketing mix of Godiva Gems. In product strategies, I would use value added method to cater to the different preference of my targeted audiences, by producing two different sets of Godiva Gems to satisfy two different groups of people. In my place strategies, I chose to place Godiva Gems nearer to my target audience to give them the convenience of buying luxury chocolate in the neighbourhood area. In the price strategy, I chose to use the market penetration pricing method to cut off competition and attract as many buyers as possible; follow by the different pricing for chocolates catering to different targets. Lastly, in my promotion strategy, I chose the rational approach on Godiva Gems, follow by the reasons which I think rational approach is the best way to appeal to my target consumers. Chocolate Culture in Singapore The chocolate trend in Singapore is slowly changing over the years. In the past, a box of fine chocolates would still work fine as a gift for occasions. Lately, it’s no longer necessary to buy a beautifully gift-wrapped box of assorted chocolates anymore. With the advent of gourmet quality, chocolates in recent years have made consumers buying them not only for their taste and also for their designs. For instance, the Godiva chocolates are one of the many luxurious chocolates around, and it has always been the best choice as gifts for special occasions. The Godiva chocolate company realized that people love to share chocolates in general. Therefore people go for the individual wrapped offerings like the Lindor Truffle, as they are more attracting. Marketing Strategies – Segmentation By market segmentation, it means that companies divide large heterogeneous markets into smaller segments so as to reach out to people in certain segments more efficiently and effectively with products and services that match their needs. Segmentation goes by four different categories; they are Geographic Segmentation, Demographic Segmentation, Psychographic Segmentation and Behavioral Segmentation. I would use Demographic Segmentation to divide the chocolate market for Godiva Gems. Demographic Segmentation is to divide the market into groups bases of variables, things like race, gender, age, income are some common factors which are popular which people are normally group. This is because the needs and wants of people are closely related to the demographic variables. In addition, the needs and wants of people may vary due to trend influences and the situations they are in. In the situation of Godiva Gems, I would divide the consumer market into 2 big segments; there are the chocolate lovers and the non-chocolate lovers. Assuming there more chocolate lovers than the non-chocolate lovers, therefore further division of the segment is needed to bring the large segment into smaller segments. Marketing Strategies – Targeting and Positioning After division and evaluation of the market segments, the next step targeting is very important. This is because a company only has limited amount of resources therefore has to decide which and how many segments to venture into. Each smaller segment is different and Godiva Chocolate Company needs to work on these differences to best position itself in the consumer’s market. Positioning simply means to find a stand in the heart and mind of every targeted consumer. It is also express as differentiating the competitive advantages in the smaller segments, by choosing the right advantage that would benefit the company which to build a position in the consumer’s market. For instance, the teenagers- students segment and the Children segment each has their own unique differences between them. Therefore the smaller segments that Godiva Gems would be targeting are the young working adult couples and the large families with children. Teenagers – Students Segment Godiva Gems chose to target on teenagers especially the students between the ages of 13 to 16 holding an monthly allowance of $300 to $800, because this group of teenagers generally are outgoing and fun, they gather with friends and get involve with many activities, even though they have minimum purchasing power, they would consider buying luxury chocolate to eat because of peer influence and brand conscious. For instance, when a secondary school student walks into the school eating luxury chocolate, other peers may get envious or jealous and would start to look for one as well. Therefore Godiva Gems could cater to the needs and wants of this group of teenagers because the chocolates would be pack in individual wraps, which can be carried around easily and share around with friends. Young Children Segment Next, Godiva Gems could also target on the children at the age of 4 to 6 with parent holding an annual income of $24000 to $36000. Children in general love candies; chocolate would be one of their favorites. Parent would buy chocolates for their children just to make their children happy. Furthermore, children at the age of 4 to 6 share very close bond to their parent. This is where the Godiva Gems could play a part in creating the family bonding and bring joy and happiness to families by simply eating chocolates together. As Godiva Gems comes in individual wraps, bringing it out on family activities is the best choice. Next I would move on to another strategy known as the Marketing Mix. Marketing Mix Marketing Mix are sets of controllable, tactical marketing tools that a firm uses to create the kind of response which they want from their targeted market and it consists of four different strategies and they are the product strategies, the price strategies, the promotion strategies and lastly the promotion strategies Product Strategies In the market, people in general favor products that are highly available and affordable. In order to achieve the results that Godiva Gems wanted, the comparison made through observation of other chocolate product purchase by consumers would tell the company where Godiva Chocolate stands; in addition it also reveals the competitive advantages of Godiva Gems. Product strategies work in many ways. For instance, surveys could be given out to the targeted audiences in order to capture their preferences towards chocolate. This way, the firm could analysis the external environment and know what the consumers like best. For example, Children in the age group of 4 to 6 would like their chocolate in different patterns and colors while the students in the age of 13 to 16 might focus more on the taste and brand of the chocolate. Therefore Godiva Gems could work towards the preferences of the targeted market. The preferences of the targeted audience create the value add to Godiva Gems. Godiva Gems would come out with many patterns and colors coated chocolates to suit the children market and different types of chocolate tastes to cater to the students. In addition, a crew of dedicated sales personnel would be value added aspect to marketing a product. This is because people in general buy the goods along with the services therefore people do concern over the manner which they were being treated and serve. The same should apply to Godiva Gems. In a nut shell, Godiva Gems have to achieve the needs of the targeted market, at the same time the service standards, which the chocolate is sold, must also be excellent. Godiva Gems should portray the image of luxury chocolate at an affordable price. Place Strategies Place strategies are about finding the right place to distribute your product. Hence, Singapore is a very small market compared to almost all countries in the world and almost all luxury chocolates could only be found in the places like shopping centers, museums and the National airport of Singapore. No doubt, many people go to places like the orchard road on weekends but the shopping centers are mostly filled with young adults. My target audiences are students and Children, Student at the age of 13 to 16 would most likely spend their time in the tuition centers and having school curriculum activities, they may not have the time to go out shopping. Furthermore, Children with the age of 4 to 6 are mostly likely to spend their weekends with the grandparents, playing at the playground while the parents go out to do their shopping. To reach out to these groups of people, Godiva Gems has come out with the strategy by walking into the neighbourhood. Godiva Gems aim to set up high-end chocolate shops in the estates to sell affordable luxury chocolate because the targeted audience can now get them around the corner. Godiva Gems could open the first high-end chocolate shop at one of the old estates, like Bedok. These estates have the most housing flats and neighbourhood schools. Price Strategies Since the targeted audiences are in the neighbourhood, the pricing of the chocolate must be affordable and not pricey. Firstly, I would use the Market penetration pricing strategy on Godiva Gems. Firstly, Godiva Gems is using a new product to enter into a new market; it needs to attract a large number of buyers as quickly as possible. Secondly, Godiva Gems selling at low prices could keep the competition, of other brands of chocolate, out of the market. Therefore, the company could price Godiva Gems that caters to children at the age of 4 to 6 in two different style; they can be sold at $30 per pack with 20 pieces of random individual wraps or children can choose among the chocolates from the lower shelving, on these lower shelving are each individual wrap chocolate with different design and color at the cost at $1.50. In this manner Godiva Gems are made affordable to parents, of young children, in the neighbourhood. In comparison, Godiva Gems that cater to students would be pack differently from the children pack and could be found at the higher shelving in the shop. The chocolates for the students come in boxes with 20 sticks of individual wrap chocolate at $40. In this way, Godiva Gems is made affordable to the students. Promotion Strategies Promotion Strategies are tool in helping the firm to get the message content across to attract the target audience to purchase the product. As my target audiences are the students and the parents of young children, I think the most suitable would be the rational approach. This is because, the rational approach relates to the audiences’ self-interest. The best way to attract the students and Children to get to know Godiva Gems is by giving out Samples. On this hand, the opening of a high-end chocolate shop located in the neighbourhood would definitely attract curiosity from the public. At this moment, the sales personnel would welcome the people outside of the shop to sample Godiva Gems. Godiva Gems would succeed when people purchase after they sample because it will mean the consumers like the taste of the chocolate. On the other hand, promotion strategy also works another way. For instance Godiva Gems could do opening ceremony sale promotion to attract consumers to buy the products. The products can be package in bundle and sell at different price. References Kaplan Study Guide for Marketing Management Extra Readings Don Sexton. and Donald Trump (2006) Trump University Marketing 101: how to use the most powerful ideas in marketing to get more customers. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken Philip Kotler. and Gary Armstrong (2009) Principles of Marketing 13 ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.a

Saturday, November 9, 2019

The Causes and Symptoms of Spina Bifida essays

The Causes and Symptoms of Spina Bifida essays Research has shown that mothers who have some form of prenatal education, and who are cared for by qualified physicians, have significantly lower risk pregnancies. Education is a key factor in preventing possibly severe birth defects such as, "spina bifida." Each day an average of 11 babies are born with neural tubal disorders or NTD's like spina bifida, or anencephaly. "Ninety-five percent of neural tube defects occur in women with no history of neural tube affected pregnancies." NTD's can occur early in pregnancy, often before a woman even knows she is pregnant. "In September, 1992, based on randomized control trials and observational studies, the United States Public Health Service published a recommendation, stating that "all women of childbearing age in the United States should consume 0.4 mg of folic acid daily to reduce the risk of having a pregnancy affected by a neural tube defect." (The Spina Bifida Association of America 1). "Each year, 300,000 to 400,000 infants worldwide are born with spina bifida and anencephaly," (Oakley S116). If new mothers, and even young women in general, were more educated about how their diet, and actions effect their babies, the number of cases of NTD's would be greatly diminished. Spina bifida occurs when the spine fails to close properly during the first few weeks of pregnancy. "The central nervous system and spine develop between the 14th and 28th day after conception" (Bloom 79). "Spina bifida occurs when there is a failure of development of the boney canal which surrounds the brain and spinal cord. In the spine, the affected vertebrae have a defect posteriorly (at the back) so that a boney ring does not completely surround the spinal cord. This leaves a gap so that, instead of the posterior arm being whole it is divided - that is bifid. The fault may occur in one or more of the vertebrae but it is most common around waist-level," (Association for Spina Bifida and Hydrocephalus 1). People ...

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

To What Extent Are Consultant Surgeons to Blame essays

To What Extent Are Consultant Surgeons to Blame essays To what extent are consultant surgeons to blame for waiting lists for surgery in the NHS? This essay examines the arguments surrounding the cause's of waiting lists, initially concentrating on the reasons that relate specifically to consultant surgeons before expanding to address the reasons beyond their power and influence. The short summary and conclusion includes a glimpse of some new initiatives being developed to combat waiting lists and fortunately some of the particular issues raised here. "I cut it in half, just by eliminating those on the list who'd moved or couldn't be contacted. Half of the remaining patients didn't need to have the procedure anymore, and for the half that did, I told them to go and 'fall over' outside and I'd see them in casualty and do it as an emergency.... Anyway, I quickly eliminated the waiting list and trotted off to tell my boss the good news. He was not amused. 'Don't you ever, ever, touch my waiting list again. It's my power base within the hospital and my passport to private practice outside.'" (Junior orthopaedic surgeon quoted in Hammond, 1999.) This quote is illuminating because it highlights a marked attitude difference between doctors and the public toward waiting lists. In this instance a doctor is demonstrating a very strong desire to preserve the length of his waiting lists and clearly citing self-interest as the reason. In comparison, a study by Canlan et al (1993) found that only 1 percent and 9 percent of their study group found the hospital waiting lists for non-emergency operations very good or satisfactory respectively. Conversely they found that 87 percent of the public surveyed (extracted from 1688 completed returns) are to some degree dissatisfied with waiting lists with 51 percent saying that they were in need of a lot of improvement, the most critical option available to them. Assuming that the consultant referred to above is somewhat representative of a sizeable b...

Monday, November 4, 2019

Complex Care Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Complex Care Nursing - Essay Example ) Hb Haemoglobin 130g/L. 140-174 g/L WCC White cell count 12.89x 109/L 4-10 X 109/L Table 1 Investigation results of Mr. Smith Chest X-ray showed right middle lobe pneumonia. Being a non-smoker, Mr.Smith had not travelled overseas and had no exotic pets. Clinical assessment Mr Smith had scored 15 on the Glasgow Coma Score (Trauma-org). This indicated that Mr. Smith was having the best score and that he was in a good clinical condition where his neuropsychological status was concerned. This meant that he had his eyes open and they were responding. He was oriented, answering questions and obeying commands. Mildly febrile, he had accompanying tachycardia and his pulse had changed from the normal 72 beats per minute to 98 per minute. This could be partly due to the raised temperature and partly due to the progression to acute pulmonary oedema. The middle lobe had an anatomy which predisposes it to frequent involvement. The narrowness of the lobar bronchus and the acute angle at which it took off made it prone to difficulties of drainage. Pneumonia formed one cause of non-obstructive middle lobe syndrome (Bordow et al, 2005). The isolated position of the middle lobe also produced an impairment of collateral ventilation from the neighbouring lobes. Clearance of secretions was simultaneously defective. Inflammations constituted 47% of middle lobe syndrome in researches (Bordow et al, 2005). The history of symptoms of cough, fever with chills and the expectoration that Mr.Smith presented with correlated to the middle lobe pneumonia. Frontal and lateral chest X-rays provided the best pictures of the middle lobe. The Blood Glucose level was a little raised from the normal. He could be a borderline diabetic who needed to be watched and advised for a sugar-free diet. The stress due to the illness also could raise the glucose level. Investigation at intervals could help in the diagnosis. The electrolyte levels were slightly less than normal. Due to the fever and illness of the past five days, he could have reduced his food intake. Potassium reduction could also have been due to dehydration through excessive sweating following the fever. Serum creatinine was just above normal level. The glomerular filtration rate was however near normal. Repetition of the investigations would help in deciding whether the patient was going in for other complications. Haemoglobin level was slightly less suggesting again that dietary intake could have been less. Caution must be taken to prevent anaemia. The high CRP level at 287 mg/L was indicative of the previous history of MI in Mr.Smith. It could also be an accompaniment of the middle lobe pneumonia, an infectious process. BP was slightly raised. Respiratory rate was 20/min. with shallow breathing. The saturated oxygen level was 98% using a 6-litre Hudson mask and it was the percentage of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen at the time of the measurement. The 98% was a favorable level but the best was the 100% saturation. An indwelling catheter had been inserted. An IV access was also found. Subsequent assessment In the assessment after one hour, the condition of the patient had

Saturday, November 2, 2019

International Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

International Human Resource Management - Essay Example As the paper declares an international organisation can only perform effectively through interactions with the broader external environment of which it is part. The structure and function ¬ing of the international organisation must reflect, therefore, the nature of the environment in which it is operating. Factors such as uncertain economic conditions, fierce world competition, the level of government intervention, scarcity of natural resources and rapid developments in new technology create an increasingly volatile environment. As the essay stresses contemporary developments show that IHRM is that part of the process of management that is concerned with the maintenance of human relationships and ensuring the physical well being of employees so that they give the maximum contribution to efficient working. Another contemporary development is called strategic IHRM. It â€Å"encompasses a strategic perspective and use their framework as a contemporary description of HRM†. Effective leadership should ensure human resources policy is adhered to and department activities are successfully carried out. It is essential that every manager and supervisor is aware of the principles of IHRM. International human resources management is vulnerable to a greater extent if its work can be devolved back to other national managers. In the light of these developments it is not surprising to find many theories which attempt to outline and explain cultural similarities and differences among societies. 2. The current state of the IHRM is described (Barham, Conway 1998) as homogeneity, which have obscured the real challenge of managing across cultures in the world. It is unlikely there will ever be a truly single homogeneous HR in the European HRM in the sense of there being a single, homogeneous culture. While this has led to some to argue that the proposed benefits of the IHRM greater opportunities for achieving economy of scale, improve efficiency and stimulate innovation can never truly be realised, they are perhaps missing the point. The cultural diversity need not be considered as a barrier to achieving wide objectives, but a facilitator of achieving